Sticker.png

YONI PERTZOV's

visual cognition lab

  • Home

  • Research

  • People

  • Publications

  • Courses

  • Gallery

  • Links

  • Conferences & Workshops

  • Contact

  • More

    ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืžื” ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื

    October 11, 2014

    ืžืืช ืจื—ืœ ื”ื›ื”ืŸ ื•ืื•ืจื™ื” ืœื ืงืจื™

    ื‘ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืื—ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืื ื• ืขื“ื™ื ืœื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืžืจืฉื™ืžื” ื‘ื”ื‘ื ื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ื— ื•ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืœืช ืœืชืคืขืœ ืื•ืชื•. ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื–ื• ืฆื•ืขื“ืช ืœืขื‘ืจ ืคื™ืชื•ื— ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืชืจื•ืคืชื™ื™ื ื”ืžืืคืฉืจื™ื ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ืžื•ื—ื™ โ€“ ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ ื•ื”ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™. ืžืชื•ืš ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ืืœื• ืขื•ืœื•ืช ืฉืืœื•ืช ืืชื™ื•ืช ื›ื‘ื“ื•ืช ืžืฉืงืœ ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื”ืื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืืœื™ื•ืช ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื›ืืœื”.

    ย Chatterjee (2004) ื“ืŸ ื‘ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ื™ื ืืœื• ื•ืžืขืœื” ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืืœื•ืช ื ื•ื™ืจื•ืืชื™ื•ืช ื”ื ื•ื’ืขื•ืช ืœืืกืคืงื˜ื™ื ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื”:

    • ื”ืื ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื”ื™ืžื ืข ืžืงื•ืฉื™ ื•ืžื›ืื‘ ืื™ื ื• ืคื•ื’ืข ื‘ืขื™ืฆื•ื‘ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ืื“ื ื•ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื ื™ื•ื•ื ื”?

    • ื”ืื ื ื˜ื™ืœืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื›ื™ืžื™ื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื— ืœื ืžืื™ื™ืžืช ืขืœ ืžื•ืฉื’ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช? ื‘ืžื™ื“ื” ื•ืื ื• ืžื›ืœื•ืœ ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื•ืช ืฉืœื ื•, ืžื” ื”ืžืฉืžืขื•ืช ืฉืœ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ ืฉืœื”ื?

    • ืื™ืœื• ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื ื—ืœืชื ืฉืœ ื”ืขืฉื™ืจื™ื ื‘ืœื‘ื“, ื”ืื ื–ื” ืœื ืขืœื•ืœ ืœื”ื•ื‘ื™ืœ ืœื”ืขืžืงืช ื”ืคืขืจื™ื ื‘ื—ื‘ืจื”?

    • ื”ืื ื”ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืœื ื™ื˜ืฉื˜ืฉื• ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื“ืœื™ื ื”ื˜ื‘ืขื™ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ืื ืฉื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ืš ื™ืžื ืขื• ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื’ื ืช?

    • ื”ืื ื ื™ืชืŸ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื›ืคื•ืช ืขืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื›ืืœื” ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื™ืฉื™ืจ ืื• ืขืงื™ืฃ?

    ื›ื ื’ื“ ืฉืืœื•ืช ืืœื•, ย Chatterjeeืžืฆื™ื™ืŸ ืืช ื”ืขื•ื‘ื“ื” ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื›ื™ื•ื ืงื™ื™ืžื™ื ืืžืฆืขื™ื ืœื ืชืจื•ืคืชื™ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ืฉืžืขืœื™ื ืืช ืื•ืชืŸ ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืืชื™ื•ืช ืืš ืžื˜ืจื™ื“ื™ื ืื•ืชื ื• ื”ืจื‘ื” ืคื—ื•ืช. ืœืื•ืจ ื˜ืขื ืชื• ืฉืœ Chatterjee ืชื”ื™ื ื• ืžื“ื•ืข ืžืฉืคืจื™ื ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื ืชืคืกื™ื ื‘ืฆื•ืจื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื˜ื™ืคื•ืœื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื (ื›ืžื• ืœืžืฉืœ ื˜ื™ืคื•ืœ ืคืกื™ื›ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ ืื• ืื™ืžื•ื ื™ื ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ). ืœืื—ืจ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืžืฉื•ืชืคืช, ื”ื’ืขื ื• ืœืžืกืงื ื” ืฉื”ื”ืชืขืจื‘ื•ืช ืฉืคื•ืขืœืช ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื— ื•ืžืฉื ื” ืืช ื”ืชืคืงื•ื“ ื”ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื•ื”ืจื’ืฉื™ ืžืื™ื™ืžืช ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืขืœ ื‘ื ื™ ืื“ื ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื ืžืขืจืขืจืช ืืช ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ื”ื™ืกื•ื“ ืฉืœ ืื ืฉื™ื ืœื’ื‘ื™ ืขืฆืžื; ืื•ืžื ื ืœืื“ื ื”ื‘ื•ื’ืจ ื™ืฉ ืื™ื–ืฉื”ืŸ ื ื˜ื™ื•ืช ืžื˜ืจื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช ื›ืš ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืงืฉืจ ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื•ื— ื•ื”ื”ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืช ืฉืœื•, ืืš ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ื•ืื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื”ื•ื ื—ืฉ ืฉื™ืฉ ืืœืžื ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช, ื‘ืื•ืคื™ ื•ื‘ืจืฆื•ืŸ ืฉืœื• ืฉื—ืกื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ื—ื™ืฆื•ื ื™. ืžืฉืคืจื™ื ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ืžืขืจืขืจื™ื ืืช ื”ืขืžื“ื” ื”ืื™ื ื˜ื•ืื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ื”ื–ื• ื•ืžืฆื‘ื™ืขื™ื ืขืœ ืžื˜ืจื™ืืœื™ื–ื ืžื•ื—ืœื˜, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืœื“ืขืชื ื• ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืขื“ื™ื ื”.

    ื›ื“ื™ ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื ื” ื”ื–ื•, ื‘ื—ืจื ื• ืœื”ืขืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ื”ืืชื™ื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ื‘ืคื ื™ ื™ืœื“ื™ื. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื”ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื, ืื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืฉื™ืœื“ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืžืชื‘ื™ื™ืฉื™ื ืœื”ืฆื”ื™ืจ ืขืœ ืขืžื“ื•ืชื™ื”ื ื”ื“ื•ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ื•ืช โ€“ ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ืชื ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื”ื ืคืฉ ื”ื ืฉื ื™ ื“ื‘ืจื™ื ื ืคืจื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืฉืคืขื” ืขืœ ื”ืžื•ื— ืœื ื ืชืคืกืช ื›ืžืื™ื™ืžืช ืขืœ ื”ืขืฆืžื™. ื‘ื”ืชืื ืœื›ืš, ืื ื• ืžืฆื™ืขื•ืช ืœื‘ื—ื•ืŸ ืืช ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ื”ืืชื™ื ืฉืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉื”ืขืœื ื• ื•ืข"ื™ ื”ืฉื•ื•ืื” ื‘ื™ื ื ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ื”ืื ื”ื™ื—ืก ื”ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ ื ื•ื‘ืข ืจืง ืžืฉืœื™ืœืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ื•ืื™ืฆื™ื” ื”ื“ื•ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ืื• ืฉื™ืฉ ืžืจื›ื™ื‘ื™ื ืืชื™ื ื ื•ืกืคื™ื ืฉื™ื™ื—ื•ื“ื™ื™ื ืœืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื–ื•.

    ืขืœ ืžื ืช ืœื‘ื“ื•ืง ืืช ื”ื”ืฉืขืจื” ื”ื–ื•, ืขืจื›ื ื• ืกืงืจ ื‘ืงืจื‘ 21 ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื™ืœืื™ 5-15. ื‘ื ื™ืกื™ื•ืŸ ืœื–ื”ื•ืช ืžื•ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื”ื ื‘ื“ืงื™ื, ื—ื™ืœืงื ื• ืืช ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœืฉืœื•ืฉ ืงื‘ื•ืฆื•ืช ื’ื™ืœ ืขืœ ืคื™ ืžืืžืจื• ืฉืœ Broughton (1978) ื”ืžืชืืจ ืืช ื”ืชื”ืœื™ืš ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื™ ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืขืœ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืงื•ื ืกืคื˜ื™ื ืฉืœ ื”ืขืฆืžื™, ื”ืžื™ื™ื ื“, ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ื™ื“ืข. ื‘ืžืืžืจ, Broughton ืžื’ื“ื™ืจ ืžืกืคืจ ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื™ื™ื:

    • ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ (ื’ื™ืœืื™ 4-7): ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ืžืื•ืคื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื™ืืœื™ื–ื ื ืื™ื‘ื™ ื›ืš ืฉื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื•ื”ืขืฆืžื™ ื”ื ืชืคืกื™ื ืข"ื™ ื”ื™ืœื“, ื ื—ื•ื•ื™ื ื›ืืžืช ื•ื™ื“ืข ืื‘ืกื•ืœื•ื˜ื™ื™ื. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ืื™ืŸ ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื ื˜ืืœื™ ื•ื”ืคื™ื–ื™, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืชื›ื•ื ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืžื™ื•ื—ืกื•ืช ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื’ืก ืœืจืืฉ.

    • ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืื™ื ื“ื™ื‘ื™ื“ื•ืืœื™ (ื’ื™ืœืื™ 8-12): ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืจื”-ื“ื•ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ ืืš ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœืฆืžื•ื— ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืกื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ ืœืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜, ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ืœื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืžื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืœืžื™ ืฉื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืื•ืชืŸ. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ื”ืžื™ื™ื ื“ ืžืชื—ื™ืœ ืœื”ื™ืชืคืก ื›ื—ืœืง ื ืคืจื“ ืžื”ืจืืฉ ืฉืฉื•ืœื˜ ืขืœ ืฉืืจ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ. ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืฉื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ืื•ืžื ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจ ื”ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื”ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืืš ืœื ื”ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื”ืคืจืงื˜ื™ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื โ€“ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืชืคืก ื›ื—ืœืง ื‘ืœืชื™ ื ืคืจื“ ืžื”ืขืฆืžื™ ื•ื”ื—ื•ื•ื™ื” ื ืชืคืกืช ื›ืืžืช.

    • ื”ืฉืœื‘ ื”ืžืคื•ืฆืœ (ื’ื™ืœืื™ 12 ื•ื”ืœืื”): ื‘ืฉืœื‘ ื–ื” ืžืชืคืชื—ืช ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžืฆื™ืื•ืช ื”ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื”ื ืชืคืกืช ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื ื˜ืืœื™ ื•ื”ืคื™ื–ื™, ืืš ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ื ืงื•ืฉื™ ืœื‘ืฆืข ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื–ื• ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ืžื•ื—ืœื˜. ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ืขืฆืžื™ ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ ืžืืกืคืงื˜ื™ื ืื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื ื•ืกื•ื‘ื™ื™ืงื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื”ืจื™ ืฉื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื–ื• ืžืฉืคื™ืขื” ื’ื ืขืœ ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ืขืฆืžื™.

    ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ื”ืกืงืจ, ื”ืฆื’ื ื• ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื—ืžืฉ ื“ื™ืœืžื•ืช ืฉืžื‘ื•ืกืกื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ืขืœื” Chatterjee ื‘ืžืืžืจื•, ื•ื‘ื™ืงืฉื ื• ืžื”ื ืœื”ื›ืจื™ืข ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื” ื•ืœื ืžืง ืืช ื‘ื—ื™ืจืชื. ืœื”ืœืŸ, ื ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ืคื ื• ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ืืช ื ื™ืชื•ื— ื”ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืชื•ืš ื”ืชื™ื™ื—ืกื•ืช ืœืฉืœื‘ ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื™. ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืฉื”ืชืงื‘ืœื• ืื•ืžื ื ืื™ื ืŸ ืขื•ืžื“ื•ืช ื‘ื›ืœืœื™ ื”ืžื—ืงืจ ื”ืืžืคื™ืจื™, ืืš ื”ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืœืกืคืง ืžืกืคืจ ืชื•ื‘ื ื•ืช ืขื•ืžืง ืจืืฉื•ื ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœืขืžื“ื•ืช ื ื•ื™ืจื•ืืชื™ื•ืช ื‘ืงืจื‘ ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื•ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชืŸ.

    ย 

    ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช:

    • ืฉืืœืช ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— โ€“

    ื ื ื™ื— ืฉืืชื” ืขืฆื•ื‘ ืžืื•ื“. ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื—ืช ืชืจื•ืคื” ืฉืชืขืฉื” ืื•ืชืš ืฉืžื—. ื”ืื ืชืจืฆื” ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื”?

    • ืฉืืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ โ€“

    ื ื ื™ื— ืฉืืชื” ืžืชืงืฉื” ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ. ืืชื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœืงื—ืช ืชืจื•ืคื” ืฉืชืขื–ื•ืจ ืœืš ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื™ื•ืชืจ. ื”ืื ืชืจืฆื” ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื”?

    ย 

    ืžื”ื’ืจืคื™ื ืขื•ืœื” ื‘ื‘ื™ืจื•ืจ ื›ื™ ื›ื›ืœ ืฉื”ื’ื™ืœ ืขื•ืœื”, ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืฉื•ื ื•ืช ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืฉืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžื” ืฉืœื“ืขืชื ื• ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืขื™ื“ ืขืœ ืชืคื™ืกืช ืขื•ืœื ืžื•ืจื›ื‘ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ. ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืชื”ืœื™ื›ื™ื ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื™ื™ื ื”ืฉื•ื ื™ื ืขื‘ื•ืจ ืฉืชื™ ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช: ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉืืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืชื™, ื”ืงืคื™ืฆื” ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื™ืช (ืฉื‘ืื” ืœื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ื˜ื•ื™ ื‘ืชืฉื•ื‘ื•ืช ืžื’ื•ื•ื ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ) ืžื•ืคื™ืขื” ื›ื‘ืจ ืžืขืœ ื’ื™ืœ 7 ื•ืื™ืœื• ื‘ืฉืืœืช ื”ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ื”ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™, ื”ืงืคื™ืฆื” ืžืชื‘ื˜ืืช ืจืง ืื—ืจื™ ื’ื™ืœ 12. ืžืžืฆื ื–ื” ืชื•ืื ืืช ื—ืœื•ืงืช ื”ืฉืœื‘ื™ื ืœืคื™ Broughton; ื›ืืžื•ืจ, ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ื™ืœืื™ 7-12 ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื”ืชืคืชื— ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื”ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื”ื ืคืฉ, ืืš ื”ื™ื ืขื“ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื ื” ื‘ืฉืœื” ืœื—ืœื•ื˜ื™ืŸ. ืžื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ื”ืžืชื•ืืจื™ื ื‘ื’ืจืฃ, ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื‘ื’ื™ืœืื™ 4-7 ืื™ืŸ ื—ืฉืฉ ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืžืฉื•ื ืฉื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื”ื ืคืฉ ื ืชืคืกื™ื ื›ืื—ื“ ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื›ืš ืื™ื•ื ืขืœ ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ืขืฆืžื™. ืœืขื•ืžืช ื–ืืช, ืžืขืœ ื’ื™ืœ 7 ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ื”ื”ื‘ื—ื ื”, ืืš ืจืง ื‘ืคืŸ ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืชื™. ื‘ื”ื™ื‘ื˜ ื”ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™, ื”ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืœื”ืชืคืชื— ืจืง ืื—ืจื™ ื’ื™ืœ 12. ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœื”ืกื‘ื™ืจ ืืช ื”ืคืขืจ ื”ื–ื” ืžืชื•ืš ื”ื”ื ื—ื” ืฉื‘ืžื”ืœืš ื”ื™ื•ื•ืฆืจื•ืช ื”ื”ื‘ื—ื ื”, ื”ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืฆื‘ ื”ืจื•ื— ื ืชืคืกื™ื ื›ื—ืœืง ืžื”ื ืคืฉ (ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื”ืงื•ื’ื ื™ืฆื™ื”) ื›ืš ืฉื ื˜ื™ืœืช ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื”ืžืฉืคื™ืขื•ืช ืขืœ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืกื•ืชืจืช ืืช ื”ื”ื‘ื—ื ื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ืœื ืคืฉ, ื•ืžื‘ื™ืื” ืœืขืœื™ื™ื” ื‘ืžืกืคืจ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืฆืขื™ืจื™ื (7-12) ืฉืžืชื ื’ื“ื™ื ืœื ื˜ื™ืœืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื”.

    ย 

    • ืฉืืœืช ืชื—ืจื•ืช ื”ื•ื’ื ืช โ€“

    ืืชื” ื”ืชืœืžื™ื“ ื”ื›ื™ ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืื‘ืœ ื—ื‘ืจ ืฉืœืš ืœื ืžืฆืœื™ื— ืœืœืžื•ื“ ื˜ื•ื‘. ื™ืฉ ืœืš ืชืจื•ืคื” ืฉืชื’ืจื•ื ืœื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื˜ื•ื‘ ื›ืžื•ืš, ื”ืื ืชื™ืชืŸ ืœื• ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื”?

    ืžื”ื’ืจืฃ ืขื•ืœื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืื™ื ื ืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ื›ืœ ื›ืš ืœื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื”ื—ื‘ืจืชื™ื•ืช ืฉืœ ืžืฉืคืจื™ื ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื•ืื™ื ื ืžืจื’ื™ืฉื™ื ืžืื•ื™ืžื™ื ืžื”ืฆืœื—ื” "ืžืœืื›ื•ืชื™ืช" ืฉืœ ื—ื‘ืจื™ื”ื ืœื›ื™ืชื”. ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ืœืฆื™ื™ืŸ ื›ื™ ืฉืœื™ืฉ ืžื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื”ืงื‘ื™ืœื• ื‘ื™ืŸ ืžืชืŸ ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ืœืืžืฆืขื™ ืขื–ืจ ืื—ืจื™ื (ื›ืžื• ืขื–ืจื” ืœื—ื‘ืจ ื‘ืฉ"ื‘) ื‘ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื˜ืขื ืชื• ืฉืœ Chatterjee ืฉื ื˜ื™ืœืช ืชืจื•ืคื” ืื™ื ื” ืฉื•ื ื” ืžื‘ื—ื™ื ื” ืืชื™ืช ืžืืžืฆืขื™ ืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืื—ืจื™ื.

    ย 

    • ืฉืืœืช ื›ืคื™ื™ืช ืฉื™ื ื•ื™ ืื™ืฉื™ื•ืชื™ โ€“

    ื™ืฉ ื™ืœื“ ื‘ื›ื™ืชื” ืฉืžืจื‘ื™ืฅ ืœื™ืœื“ื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื, ื•ื™ืฉ ืชืจื•ืคื” ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœื’ืจื•ื ืœื• ืœื”ืจื‘ื™ืฅ ืคื—ื•ืช. ื”ืžื•ืจื” ืžื›ืจื™ื—ื” ืื•ืชื• ืœืงื—ืช ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื”, ืœืžืจื•ืช ืฉื”ื•ื ืœื ืจื•ืฆื”. ื”ืื ืืชื” ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืฉื–ื” ื‘ืกื“ืจ?

    ย 

    • ืฉืืœืช ื›ืคื™ื™ื” ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช โ€“

    ืืชื ื ื•ืกืขื™ื ืœื˜ื™ื•ืœ ื‘ืฆืคื•ืŸ, ื•ืื‘ื ืžืื•ื“ ืขื™ื™ืฃ. ื™ืฉ ืชืจื•ืคื” ืฉื™ื›ื•ืœื” ืœืขื–ื•ืจ ืœื• ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืชืจ ืขืจื ื™ ื•ืžืจื•ื›ื–. ืื™ืžื ืื•ืžืจืช ืฉื”ื™ื ืœื ืžื•ื›ื ื” ืœื ืกื•ืข ืขื ืื‘ื ืื ื”ื•ื ืœื ื™ื™ืงื— ืืช ื”ืชืจื•ืคื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืœื ืžืกื›ื™ื. ืืชื ื—ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ืฉืื™ืžื ืžืชื ื”ื’ืช ื‘ืกื“ืจ?

    ื‘ืฉืืœื•ืช ืืœื” ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื“ืคื•ืก ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื–ื” ืฉืจืื™ื ื• ื‘ืฉืชื™ ื”ืฉืืœื•ืช ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื•ืช, ืืš ื›ืืŸ ื”ืงืคื™ืฆื” ื”ื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืชื™ืช ืžืชืจื—ืฉืช ื‘ืื•ืชื• ืฉืœื‘. ืžืขื ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืžื™ื•ื—ื“ ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืœืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ืฉื”ืขืœื• ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืžื“ื•ืข ืœื ืœื›ืคื•ืช. ื›70% ืžื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืฉื”ืชื ื’ื“ื• ืœื›ืคื™ื™ื” ื ื™ืžืงื• ืืช ื”ื”ืชื ื’ื“ื•ืช ื‘ืฉื™ืงื•ืœื™ื ื”ืงืฉื•ืจื™ื ืœื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช. ืžืžืฆื ื–ื” ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืฆื‘ื™ืข ืขืœ ื›ืš ืฉ"ื”ื ืงื•ื“ื” ื”ืจื’ื™ืฉื”" ื‘ืกื•ื’ื™ื™ืช ื”ืžืฉืคืจื™ื ื”ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื™ื ื”ื™ื ืฉืืœืช ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช ื”ื ื•ื‘ืขืช ืžื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ื“ื•ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช. ืœื˜ืขื ืชื ื•, ื‘ื ื™ื’ื•ื“ ืœืžื‘ื•ื’ืจื™ื ื”ื ืืžื ื™ื ืœื—ืฉื™ื‘ื” ืžื˜ืจื™ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช, ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืœื ื—ื•ืฉืฉื™ื ืœื”ืฆื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืื™ื ื˜ื•ืื™ืฆื™ื” ื”ื“ื•ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ื•ืœื›ืŸ ืจื‘ื™ื ืžื”ื ื”ืขืœื• ืืช ื˜ื™ืขื•ืŸ ื”ื‘ื—ื™ืจื” ื”ื—ื•ืคืฉื™ืช.

    ย 

    ื”ืžืžืฆืื™ื ืฉืชื•ืืจื• ืœืขื™ืœ ืžืขืœื™ื ื”ืจื‘ื” ื”ื’ื™ื’ื™ื ื•ืฉืืœื•ืช ืœื“ื™ื•ืŸ ืฉืงืฆืจื” ื”ื™ืจื™ืขื” ืžืœื”ื›ื™ืœ ื‘ืžืกื’ืจืช ืขื‘ื•ื“ื” ื–ื•. ืขื ื–ืืช, ื‘ืื•ืคืŸ ื›ืœืœื™, ื ื™ืชืŸ ืœืจืื•ืช ื›ื™ ื”ืชื•ืฆืื•ืช ืชื•ืืžื•ืช ืืช ื”ืชื™ืื•ืจื™ื•ืช ื”ืžื—ืงืจื™ื•ืช ื‘ื ื•ื’ืข ืœื”ืชืคืชื—ื•ืช ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ ื”ื“ื•ืืœื™ื–ื, ืžื˜ืจื™ืืœื™ื–ื ื•ื”ืขืฆืžื™. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื ืจืื” ื›ื™ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ืื›ืŸ ืžืฆื™ื’ื™ื ืขืžื“ื” ื“ื•ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช ืžื–ื•ืงืงืช, ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื”ื ืžื”ื•ื•ื™ื ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื™ืช ืžื—ืงืจ ืžืขื ื™ื™ื ืช ื‘ืชื—ื•ื ื–ื”. ื‘ืžื—ืงืจ ืžืขืžื™ืง ื™ื•ืชืจ ืจืื•ื™ ืœืฉื™ื ืœื‘ ืœืฉืชื™ ืžื’ื‘ืœื•ืช ื‘ืžื“ื’ื ื”ื ื•ื›ื—ื™. ืจืืฉื™ืช, ื‘ืฉืคื” ื”ืขื‘ืจื™ืช ืื™ืŸ ื”ืคืจื“ื” ืžื•ืฉื’ื™ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ื™ื ื“ ืœืžื•ื— ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ื›ื•ืœื•ืช ืžืกื•ื™ืžื•ืช (ื‘ืขื™ืงืจ ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ื•ืช) ืžื™ื•ื—ืกื•ืช ืœืžื•ื— ื•ื ืชืคืกื•ืช ื›ื™ื•ืชืจ ืงืฉื•ืจื•ืช ืœื’ื•ืฃ. ื‘ื ื•ืกืฃ, ื›ืœ ื”ื™ืœื“ื™ื ื‘ืžื“ื’ื ื”ื’ื™ืขื• ืžืจืงืข ื“ืชื™, ื‘ื• ื™ืฉื ื• ื“ื’ืฉ ื•ืขื™ืกื•ืง ืจื‘ ื‘ืฉืืœืช ื”ื’ื•ืฃ ื•ื”ื ืคืฉ ื•ืชืžื™ื›ื” ื‘ืขืžื“ื” ื”ื“ื•ืืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืช. ื‘ืžื—ืงืจื™ ื”ืžืฉืš ืจืื•ื™ ืœื“ื’ื•ื ื’ื ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื•ืช ืื—ืจื•ืช ื•ืœื”ืฉื•ื•ืช ื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ืŸ.

    ย 

    ื‘ื™ื‘ืœื™ื•ื’ืจืคื™ื”:

    • Chatterjee, A. (2004). Cosmetic neurology The controversy over enhancing movement, mentation, and mood.ย Neurology,ย 63(6), 968-974.

    ย 

    • Broughton, J. (1978). Development of concepts of self, mind, reality, and knowledge.ย New Directions for Child and Adolescent Development,ย 1978(1), 75-100.

    • ย 

    ย 

    Please reload

    Back to Neuroethics Blog
    Recent Posts

    ื”ืขืฆืžื” ืงื•ื’ื ื™ื˜ื™ื‘ื™ืช - ืžื” ืขื•ืฆืจ ืื•ืชื ื•?

    ื”ืื”ื‘ื” ื›ื•ืื‘ืช

    ื–ื™ื›ืจื•ืŸ

    ื™ืœื“ื™ื, ืชืจื•ืคื•ืช ื•ืžื” ืฉื‘ื™ื ื™ื”ื

    ื”ืื ืงื™ื™ืžืช ื”ืชืืžื” ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืคื•ื˜ ืžื•ืกืจื™ ืœืขื™ื‘ื•ื“ ืงื•ื’ื ื˜ื™ื‘ื™?

    ืื“ื-ืกื™ื™ื‘ื•ืจื’-ืžื›ื•ื ื”: ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืขืœ ืชืคื™ืกืช ื”ืื“ื

    ืจืขื™ื•ื ื•ืช ื•ืžื—ืฉื‘ื•ืช ืื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืืชื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ืžื•ืกืจ

    ื˜ื›ื ื•ืœื•ื’ื™ื•ืช ืœืฉื™ืคื•ืจ ืžื•ืกืจ ื”ืื“ื โ€“ ืืชืžื•ืœ ื‘ื“ื™ื•ื ื™, ืžื—ืจ ื•ื™ืจื˜ื•ืืœื™

    Can BCI increase locked in patients' ability to make health care decisions?

    ื”ืืชื™ืงื” ืฉืœ ื”ื™ื“ืข

    ื—ืงืจ ื”ืžื—, ื”ืงื™ื“ื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื”mind, ื•ื”ืฉืœื›ื•ืช ืœื ื•ื™ืจื•ืืชื™ืงื”

    Please reload

    • Twitter Classic
    • c-facebook
    • c-flickr